Many ionic compounds are binary: contain only two different elements Contain a metallic cation and a nonmetallic anion If ionic bonds occur between metals and the nonmetal oxygen, oxides form. Compounds that contain ionic bonds are ionic compounds. Symbol Electron configuration Electron dot diagram Ion with charge Number of electrons gained or lost Name of ion Cesium Cs 6s1 Barium Ba 6s2 Arsenic As 4s23d104p3 Iodine I 5s24d105p5 Zinc Zn 3d10 4s2 Phosphorus P 3s2 3p3Īnions are attracted to cations The electrostatic force that holds oppositely charged particles together in an ionic compound is referred to as an ionic bond. Nonmetals easily gain electrons to attain a stable outer electron configuration An anion is a negatively charged ion To designate an anion, the ending –ide is added to the root name of the element Ex: chlorideĩ Electron configuration Electron dot diagram Ion with charge Metal atoms are reactive because they lose valence electrons easily The group 1 and 2 metals are the most reactive metals Transition metal ions Commonly form 2+ ions Lose the two valence electrons from the s sublevel Also possible for electrons from the d sublevel to also be lost, so transition metals also commonly form ions of 3+ or greaterīesides the octet, other electron configurations can also provide some stability Pseudo-noble gas configurations are relatively stable electron arrangements that are not noble gas configurations Ex: Zinc 1s22s22s63s23p64s23d10 → loses 2 electrons → 1s22s22s63s23p63d10 The number of protons determines the element Forms due to the attraction between A positive nucleus and negative electrons of two atoms or A positive ion and a negative ionĤ Valence electrons Electron-dot structures are helpful in illustrating the formation of chemical bonds The difference in element reactivity relates to the octet – the stable arrangement of eight valence electrons in the outer energy levelĪ positive ion forms when an atom loses one or more valence electrons in order to attain a noble gas configuration A positively charged ion is called a cation Although an element’s electron configuration changes to that of another element, it is not changing into that element. The force that holds two atoms together is called a chemical bond. Presentation on theme: "Chapter 7: Ionic Compounds and Metals"- Presentation transcript:
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